Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering, Vol.60,No.2,2007
An experiment on a landslide dam outburst
Akira ODA, Takahisa MIZUYAMA and Yuji HASEGAWA
Abstract
A landslide dam can be formed by a landslide, a large]scale collapse, or a debris
flow. A landslide dam can block a river, and during its collapse, the resulting
debris flow and flood can cause disasters such as flooding in the downstream region.
We therefore conducted this study within the context of crisis management. Sabo
facilities were set up ahead of time in areas where landslide dams were likely
to form, and after its formation, it was treated as an emergency; i.e., in addition
to the debris flow, the landslide dam itself was considered an object of the sabo
plan. Thus, this study was able to confirm the possibility of using a model experiment
to plan sabo facilities intended for a landslide dam. The model used in this study
incorporated landslide dams with greater heights than in past experiments. We
used a rectangular channel to conduct basic experiments on river dam collapses
caused by overflow, and obtained the following results. We confirmed that landslide
dam crown length and slope angle influenced peak discharge during collapse. We
were able to reproduce the peak discharge when a landslide dam collapsed under
identical conditions. Differences in sand size did not affect landslide dam peak
discharge during collapse. The results indicate that the experiments could be
used to verify the effects of sabo facilities on landslide dams.
Key wordsFexperiment, landslide dam, outburst, peak discharge
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