Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering, Vol.58,No.1,2005

Numerical simulation on a debris flow in a mountainous river with a Sabo dam

Yoshifumi SATOFUKA Takahisa MIZUYAMA


Abstract

Numerical simulation model that can reproduce the riverbed variation caused by a debris flow in a mountainous river is proposed. In the model, the sediment material is composed of two grain]size classes and the one]dimensional governing equations for a stony debris flow are employed. The governing equations are discretized according to the staggard scheme. The influence of a sabo dam upon the debris flow is built in the model by changing the outflow condition at the concerned point where the flow velocity, flow discharge and sediment discharge are calculated. The rapid deposition phenomena at the upstream of the sabo dam can not be represented by former models in which the deposition velocity equation is used. The calculated deposition velocity by such equation is too small in the upstream area of the dam, because it is proportional to the flow velocity. Usual deposition velocity equation was developed under the condition where the riverbed gradient changes gradually, therefore it is not applicable for the area where the flow depth and velocity suddenly change. In the present model, the rapid separation of sediment from the flow at the upstream of the sabo dam is taken into account, consequently the larger deposition velocity can be estimated. We try to calculate a long distance runoff process of a debris flow by the present model, and investigate the influence of the characteristics of sediment on the hydrograph.

Key words:debris flow, one]dimensional numerical simulation, influence of a sabo dam on bed variation
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